Added last part of paging, print_hex function and updated linker script

kernel/drivers/kheap.c

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #include "kheap.h"
 
-// Extern variables are declared in the linker script
+// end is declared in the linker script
 extern uint32_t end;
-extern page_directory_t *kernel_directory; // FIXME:
+extern page_directory_t *kernel_directory;
 uint32_t placement_addr = (uint32_t)&end;
 heap_t *kheap = 0;
 

kernel/drivers/kheap.h

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include "ordered_list.h"
+#include "paging.h"
 
 // Data structure for single block/hole
 typedef struct {

kernel/drivers/paging.c

@@ -54,3 +54,121 @@ static uint32_t first_frame() {
         }
     }
 }
+
+void alloc_frame(page_t *page, int32_t is_kernel, int32_t is_writeable) {
+    if(page->frame != 0)
+        return;
+    else {
+        uint32_t idx = first_frame();
+        if(idx == (uint32_t)-1) {
+            // panic
+        }
+        set_frame(idx*0x1000);
+        page->present = 1;
+        page->rw = (is_writeable) ? 1 : 0;
+        page->user = (is_kernel) ? 1 : 0;
+        page->frame = idx;
+    }
+}
+
+void free_frame(page_t *page) {
+    uint32_t frame;
+    if(!(frame=page->frame))
+        return;
+    else {
+        clear_frame(frame);
+        page->frame = 0x0;
+    }
+}
+
+void init_paging() {
+    uint32_t mem_end_page = 0x1000000; // Physical address memory(16MiB big)
+    nframes = mem_end_page / 0x1000;
+    frames = (uint32_t*)kmalloc(INDEX_FROM_BIT(nframes));
+    memset(frames, 0, INDEX_FROM_BIT(nframes));
+
+    // Create a page directory
+    kernel_directory = (page_directory_t*)kmalloc_a(sizeof(page_directory_t));
+    current_directory = kernel_directory;
+
+    /*  Map pages in the kernel heap area.
+     * We only call get_page and not alloc_frame to create a new page_table_t 
+     * only where necessary.*/
+    for(int32_t i = KHEAP_START; i < KHEAP_START+KHEAP_INITIAL_SIZE; i += 0x1000)
+        get_page(i, 1, kernel_directory);
+
+    /* We have eto identify map from 0x0 to the end of the use memory
+     * so we can use this memory region as if paging was not enabled. */
+    int32_t i = 0;
+    while(i < placement_address+0x1000) {
+        // Kernel code is read only from userspace
+        alloc_frame(get_page(i, 1, kernel_directory), 0, 0);
+        i += 0x1000;
+    }
+    // Perform the real allocation of what we have done so far
+    for(i = KHEAP_START; i < KHEAP_START+KHEAP_INITIAL_SIZE; i += 0x1000)
+        alloc_frame(get_page(i, 1, kernel_directory), 0, 0);
+    
+    // Register a new ISR to handle page faults
+    register_interrupt_handler(14, page_fault);
+
+    // Enable paging
+    switch_page_directory(kernel_directory);
+
+    // Set up kernel heap
+    kheap = create_heap(KHEAP_START, KHEAP_START+KHEAP_INITIAL_SIZE, 0xCFFFF000, 0, 0);
+}
+
+void switch_page_directory(page_directory_t *dir) {
+    current_directory = dir;
+    asm volatile("mov %0, %%cr3" :: "r"(&dir->tables_physical));
+    uint32_t cr0;
+    asm volatile("mov %%cr0, %0": "=r"(cr0));
+    cr0 |= 0x80000000; // code to enable paging
+    asm volatile("mov %0, %%cr0":: "r"(cr0));
+}
+
+page_t *get_page(uint32_t address, int32_t make, page_directory_t *dir) {
+    // Turn address into an index
+    address /= 0x1000;
+    // Find page table that contains this index
+    uint32_t table_idx = address / 1024;
+    if(dir->tables[table_idx]) // If current table is already assigned
+        return &dir->tables[table_idx]->pages[address%1024];
+    else if(make) {
+        uint32_t tmp;
+        dir->tables[table_idx] = (page_table_t*)kmalloc_p(sizeof(page_table_t), &tmp);
+        memset(dir->tables[table_idx], 0, 0x1000);
+        dir->tables_physical[table_idx] = tmp | 0x7;
+        return &dir->tables[table_idx]->pages[address%1024];
+    } else
+        return 0;
+}
+
+void page_fault(registers_t regs) {
+    // Retrieve faulted address from CR2 register
+    uint32_t fault_addr;
+    asm volatile("mov %%cr2, %0" : "=r"(fault_addr));
+
+    // Retrieve other infos about the error
+    int32_t present = !(regs.err_code & 0x1); // Page not present
+    int32_t rw = regs.err_code & 0x2;  // Write operation
+    int32_t us = regs.err_code & 0x4; // CPU mode(kernel or user mode)
+    int32_t reserved = regs.err_code & 0x8;
+    int32_t id = regs.err_code & 0x10;
+
+    // Output of those informations
+    kprint("Page fault! ( ");
+    if(present)
+        kprint("present ");
+    if(rw)
+        kprint("read-only");
+    if(us)
+        kprint("user-mode");
+    if(reserved)
+        kprint("reserved");
+    kprint(") at 0x");
+    kprint_hex(fault_addr);
+    kprint("\n");
+    PANIC("Page fault");
+}

kernel/drivers/paging.h

@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@
 
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include "isr.h"
+#include "tty.h"
 #include "kheap.h"
 
 typedef struct page {
     uint32_t present : 1; // Presence in memory of single page
-    uint32_t fw : 1; // if set read write otherwise read only
+    uint32_t rw : 1; // if set read write otherwise read only
     uint32_t user : 1;  // Supervisored mode only if cleared
     uint32_t accessed : 1; // true if page has been accessed since last refresh
     uint32_t dirty : 1; // Same as above for write.

kernel/drivers/tty.c

@@ -92,6 +92,37 @@ void kprint_dec(uint32_t num) {
     kprint(c2);
 }
 
+void kprint_hex(uint32_t num) {
+    int32_t tmp;
+    uint8_t no_zeros = 1;
+
+    kprint((uint8_t*)"0x");
+
+    for(int32_t i = 28; i > 0; i -= 4) {
+        tmp = (num >> i) & 0xF;
+        if(tmp == 0 && no_zeros != 0)
+            continue;
+        
+        if(tmp >= 0xA) {
+            no_zeros = 0;
+            uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t*)tmp-0xA+'a';
+            kprint_c(buf, strlen(buf), WHITE, BLACK);
+        } else {
+            uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t*)tmp+'a';
+            kprint_c(buf, strlen(buf), WHITE, BLACK);
+        }
+    }
+
+    tmp = num & 0xF;
+    if(tmp >= 0xA) {
+        uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t*)tmp-0xA+'a';
+        kprint_c(buf, strlen(buf), WHITE, BLACK);
+    } else {
+        uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t*)tmp+'a';
+        kprint_c(buf, strlen(buf), WHITE, BLACK);
+    }
+}
+
 void init_prompt() {
     uint8_t *prompt = (uint8_t*)"\nring0@iceOS-$ ";
     kprint_c(prompt, strlen(prompt), LIGHT_RED, BLACK);

kernel/drivers/tty.h

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ void backspace();
 void kprint_c(uint8_t *buf, uint32_t len, uint8_t fg, uint8_t bg);
 void kprint(uint8_t *buf);
 void kprint_dec(uint32_t num);
+void kprint_hex(uint32_t num);
 void init_prompt();
 void clear_prompt();
 void clear_row(uint8_t row);

link.ld

@@ -1,35 +1,28 @@
 ENTRY(kernel_loader)
+SECTIONS
+{
 
-. = 0x00100000;
-
-SECTIONS {
-
-    .boot ALIGN (0x1000):
-    {
-        *(.multiboot)
-    }
-
-    .text ALIGN (0x1000):
+    .text 0x100000 :
     {
+        code = .; _code = .; __code = .;
         *(.text)
+        . = ALIGN(4096);
     }
 
-    .rodata ALIGN (0x1000):
-    {
-        *(.rodata*)
-    }
-
-    .data ALIGN (0x1000):
+    .data :
     {
+        data = .; _data = .; __data = .;
         *(.data)
+        *(.rodata)
+        . = ALIGN(4096);
     }
 
-    .bss ALIGN (0x1000):
+    .bss :
     {
-        *(COMMON)
+        bss = .; _bss = .; __bss = .;
         *(.bss)
+        . = ALIGN(4096);
     }
 
+    end = .; _end = .; __end = .;
 }
-
-end = .;